A cohort study evaluating the association between concurrent mental disorders, mortality, morbidity, and continuous treatment retention for patients in opioid agonist treatment (OAT) across Ontario, Canada, using administrative health data [2020]
BackgroundDue to the high prevalence of mental disorders among people with opioid use disorder, the objective of this study was to determine the association between concurrent mental disorders, mortality, morbidity, and continuous treatment retention for patients in opioid agonist treatment
A qualitative evaluation of an ACT-based substance misuse treatment programme for service users within a secure mental health setting [2018]
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand service users’ experience of a new acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based substance misuse programme. The programme is designed for people in secure mental health services, presenting with complex mental health difficulties
Acquired Brain Injury and Addictions-Mental Health Collaborative – 2019-11-04
Over several months, a 20-member, multi-sector (hospital and community-based rehabilitation, hospital and community-based mental health and addictions and women’s shelter) and lived experience working group in Southeastern Ontario (SEO) met to develop a mechanism for addressing the complex, unmet needs
An on‐site health home for homeless men in addiction recovery [2018]
Patients with comorbid substance abuse, mental health disorders, and chronic health conditions face difficult challenges when attempting to access health care. A large gospel rescue mission developed an onsite wellness center, based on an integrated, embedded practice health home model,
An on‐site health home for homeless men in addiction recovery [2018]
Patients with comorbid substance abuse, mental health disorders, and chronic health conditions face difficult challenges when attempting to access health care. A large gospel rescue mission developed an onsite wellness center, based on an integrated, embedded practice health home model,
Assessment of coexisting psychosis and substance misuse: complexities, challenges and causality [2020]
Substance misuse worsens the prognosis for people suffering psychosis and places them at risk of being denied appropriate mental health service interventions. To increase the chances of its success, the plan of management for patients with coexisting psychosis and substance
Association between alcohol and substance use disorders and psychiatric service use in patients with severe mental illness: a nationwide Danish register-based cohort study – 2018-02
Substance use disorder is highly prevalent in people with psychiatric disorders, and known to impede the psychiatric treatment. Some studies show increased rates of service use, while others show a decrease. These conflicting results are further hampered by a lack
Associations between pharmacotherapy for opioid dependence and clinical and criminal justice outcomes among adults with co-occurring serious mental illness – 2018
Highlights • Opioid-dependence pharmacotherapy is effective for adults with severe mental illness and opioid dependence. • Opioid-dependence pharmacotherapy substantially reduces this population’s risk for hospitalization. • Naltrexone appears to reduce risk for convicted arrests, including felonies. • Opioid-dependence pharmacotherapy was not
Building a Service Resolution Function in Toronto – Recommendations for Meeting the Needs of People with Complex Mental Health & Justice Challenges – 2015-11-18
We will present findings from our recent research conducted for the T-HSJCC, from which we developed the characteristics of distinctive models of service resolution tailored for the Toronto context, for people with complex mental health and addictions needs involved (or at
Canadian Schizophrenia Guidelines: Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders with Coexisting Substance Use Disorders [2017]
Objective: Persons with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders frequently have coexisting substance use disorders that require modifications to treatment approaches for best outcomes. The objectives of this review were to identify evidence-based practices best practices that improve outcomes for individuals
Challenges in working with patients with dual diagnosis – 2018
Purpose Studies have shown that mental health professionals find working with patients with dual diagnosis challenging, and the purpose of this paper is to examine some of these challenges. Design/methodology/approach In total, 85 mental health professionals from 8 different mental
Clinical effects and treatment outcomes of long-term compulsory in-patient treatment of treatment-resistant patients with severe mental illness and substance-use disorder [2019]
BackgroundThe treatment of homeless dual-diagnosis patients (i.e., those with severe mental illness and substance-use disorder) is difficult and often fails. For patients in the Netherlands who had not responded to earlier voluntary and compulsory treatment, a new treatment facility –
Co-Occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders in Canadian Forensic Inpatients: Underdiagnosis and Implications for Treatment Planning – 2018
Research suggests that co-occurring substance use disorder (SUD) is prevalent among adults with psychiatric illness. Studies with forensic patients in Australia indicate that co-occurring disorders (CD) are underdiagnosed. To help determine how widespread CD underdiagnosis is in forensic populations internationally,
Co-occurring mental illness, drug use, and medical multimorbidity among lesbian, gay, and bisexual middle-aged and older adults in the United States: a nationally representative study [2020]
BackgroundOlder lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults are an underserved and understudied population that experience specific health disparities. The intersection of aging and chronic medical disease with a higher risk for substance use and mental illness may place older LGB
Co-occurring serious mental illnesses and substance use disorders as predictors of assaultive infraction charges among adult male jail inmates – 2017-07
This study used self-report data from 4642 adult male jail inmates to test the hypothesis that inmates with co-occurring serious mental illnesses (SMIs) and substance use disorders (SUDs) (i.e. co-occurring disorders) would report having been officially charged for assaulting staff
Concurrent Disorders and Health Care Utilization Among Homeless and Vulnerably Housed Persons in Canada – 2018
Objective: Individuals who are homeless or vulnerably housed have a higher prevalence of concurrent disorders, defined as having a mental health diagnosis and problematic substance use, compared to the general housed population. The study objective was to investigate the effect
Concurrent Disorders and Health Care Utilization Among Homeless and Vulnerably Housed Persons in Canada – 2018
Objective: Individuals who are homeless or vulnerably housed have a higher prevalence of concurrent disorders, defined as having a mental health diagnosis and problematic substance use, compared to the general housed population. The study objective was to investigate the effect
Concurrent substance use disorders and mental illness: Bridging the gap between research and treatment [2017]
People with concurrent disorders (CDs; i.e., mental illness and substance use disorders) are at high risk for a number of adverse outcomes if they do not receive appropriate treatment. Yet despite wide availability of evidence-based guidelines and easy-to-access clinical resources
Correlates of Opioid Use Disorders among People with Severe Mental Illness in the United States [2019]
Background/Objectives: The number of Americans with opioid use disorders (OUDs: prescription painkillers or heroin) has increased dramatically, yet little is known about OUD among people with severe mental illness (SMI). Methods: Using the National Survey on Drug Use and Health
Criminal Recidivism in Inmates with Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders [2020]
The relative contributions of mental illness and substance use disorders to criminal recidivism have important clinical and policy implications. This study reviewed 36 months of postrelease data for nearly 10,000 New Jersey state inmates released in 2013 to ascertain the
Demoralization in Patients With Substance Use and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Disorders [2017]
Objective: In recent years, treatment of substance use disorder has rekindled emphasis on recovery which, being a gradual process, starts with remoralization. In this study, we examine the level of demoralization throughout the treatment process for patients with comorbid substance
Dilemmas in recovery-oriented practice to support people with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders: a qualitative study of staff experiences in Norway [2018]
BackgroundRecovery-oriented practice is recommended in services for people with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders. Understanding practitioners’ perceptions of recovery-oriented services may be a key component of implementing recovery principles in day-to-day practice. This study explores and describes staff
Elder Mistreatment Perpetrators with Substance Abuse and/or Mental Health Conditions: Results from the National Elder Mistreatment Study – 2017
A large portion of persons who commit elder mistreatment have long been known to have indicators of substance abuse and/or mental health conditions (SAMHC). However, few studies have specifically examined elder mistreatment by persons with SAMHC, preventing the development of
Engaging Integrated Health Teams to Decrease the Risk of Controlled Substance Use for Individuals With Serious Mental Illness [2018]
The United States is facing an opioid epidemic that is virulent in its lethality and includes morbidity and mortality related to prescription opioids. Overuse of another class of drugs— benzodiazepines—has received less media attention, but also poses the threat of
Enhancing prevention and intervention for youth concurrent mental health and substance use disorders: The Research and Action for Teens study [2017]
Background Concurrent mental health and substance use disorders among youth are associated with functional impairment in developmentally salient domains, yet research on prevention and intervention for this vulnerable population is sparse. This paper describes the rationale and design of the
Evaluation of a substance use treatment program for forensic psychiatric inpatients [2018]
There have been few evaluations of substance use interventions for forensic psychiatric patients. In this study, we evaluated a manualized substance use treatment for forensic inpatients by comparing 35 treatment completers (who attended 75% or more of their sessions) and
Evaluation of a substance use treatment program for forensic psychiatric inpatients [2018]
There have been few evaluations of substance use interventions for forensic psychiatric patients. In this study, we evaluated a manualized substance use treatment for forensic inpatients by comparing 35 treatment completers (who attended 75% or more of their sessions) and
Evaluation of Treatment and Other Factors That Lead to Drug Court Success, Substance Use Reduction, and Mental Health Symptomatology Reduction Over Time [2018]
Adults presenting with substance use and mental health disorders in the criminal justice system is well documented. While studies have examined drug courts and medication-assisted treatment (MAT), few have examined social and behavioral health indicators, and even fewer have multiple
Evaluation of Treatment and Other Factors That Lead to Drug Court Success, Substance Use Reduction, and Mental Health Symptomatology Reduction Over Time [2018]
Adults presenting with substance use and mental health disorders in the criminal justice system is well documented. While studies have examined drug courts and medication-assisted treatment (MAT), few have examined social and behavioral health indicators, and even fewer have multiple
Experiences of Professional Helping Relations by Persons with Co-occurring Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders
Recovery in co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders often involves relationships with professional helpers, yet little is known about how these are experienced by service users. The aim of this study was to explore and describe behaviour and attributes
Exploring the Relationship Between Dual Diagnosis and Recidivism in Drug Court Participants – 2017
There is limited research investigating the relationship between dual diagnosis and offender outcomes in drug court settings, specifically regarding recidivism. The current study examined the effects of dual diagnosis on recidivism following participation in one drug court in the Southwestern
Exploring the Relationship Between Dual Diagnosis and Recidivism in Drug Court Participants [2018]
There is limited research investigating the relationship between dual diagnosis and offender outcomes in drug court settings, specifically regarding recidivism. The current study examined the effects of dual diagnosis on recidivism following participation in one drug court in the Southwestern
Feasibility and Satisfaction of an Apartment Living Program for Homeless Adults With Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorder [2018]
Objective: We assessed the feasibility and satisfaction of an apartment living program for formerly homeless adults with mental health and substance use disorders. Method: A one-group pretest-posttest design was used with 22 participants who attended a six-week apartment living program.
Feasibility and Satisfaction of an Apartment Living Program for Homeless Adults With Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorder [2018]
Objective: We assessed the feasibility and satisfaction of an apartment living program for formerly homeless adults with mental health and substance use disorders. Method: A one-group pretest-posttest design was used with 22 participants who attended a six-week apartment living program.
Gender differences and program participation among prisoners with co-occurring substance abuse and mental health disorders [2019]
We examine a nationally representative sample of state inmates with co-occurring disorders (CODs) to consider their background, and ascertain whether inmate gender is related to their access to mental health and substance abuse treatment while serving their sentence. Women prisoners
Health Beliefs and Experiences of a Health Promotion Intervention Among Psychiatric Patients With Substance Use: An Interview Study – 2018
We aimed to explore beliefs about physical health from the perspective of patients with concurrent mental illness and substance use and to explore how a health promotion intervention influenced their personal agency for changing health-related behaviour. Our findings were that
History of co-occurring disorders and current mental health status among homeless veterans [2018]
Background Homeless veterans are at high risk for co-occurring disorders (COD), defined as mental illnesses that include at least one alcohol or other drug use disorder and at least one non-drug related mental disorder. However, epidemiological studies examining the prevalence
Housing First Improves Residential Stability in Homeless Adults With Concurrent Substance Dependence and Mental Disorders [2013]
Objectives. We examined the relationship between substance dependence and residential stability in homeless adults with current mental disorders 12 months after randomization to Housing First programs or treatment as usual (no housing or support through the study). Methods. The Vancouver
How the prison-to-community transition risk environment influences the experience of men with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorder [2017]
Previous research has established that people with severe mental illness and co-occurring substance use disorder leaving prison have multiple and complex health, social and economic challenges. How the criminal justice and mental health systems influence the individual prison-to-community transition experience
Identification and management of alcohol use and illicit substance use in outpatient psychiatric clinics in Sweden: a national survey of clinic directors and staff [2019]
Background Swedish national guidelines recommend that all health care settings systematically screen patients for alcohol use and illicit substance use. When hazardous use is identified, it should immediately be addressed, preferably through brief interventions (BI). It is well known that
Initiating and maintaining a recovery process – experiences of persons with dual diagnosis – 2018
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the internal and social factors that persons with experience from severe mental illness and alcohol and other drugs problems, and who have received treatment for these problems, describe as important for
Integrated substance use rehabilitation in a secure forensic facility [2019]
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to inform the development of an evidence-based and effective rehabilitation programme to address substance use disorders in a population of patients with severe mental illness and mental disorders detained in a secure forensic
Integrating a Co-occurring Disorders Intervention in Drug Courts: An Open Pilot Trial [2018]
Little research has focused on systematically integrating clinical treatment within existing drug court procedures. This could be particularly useful for clients with substance use disorders, who comprise those on court dockets and often have co-existing mental health issues. This article
Intermittent Explosive Disorder and Substance Use Disorder: Analysis of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Sample [2017]
Objective: A relationship between aggression and substance use has been debated for many years. While substance use increases the risk of aggressive behavior, no studies have reported on the relationship between impulsive aggression and substance use/disorder, specifically. Methods: We analyzed
Marijuana Use Is Associated With Worse Outcomes in Symptom Severity and Violent Behavior in Patients With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder [2015]
Objective: An increasing number of states have approved posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a qualifying condition for medical marijuana, although little evidence exists evaluating the effect of marijuana use in PTSD. We examined the association between marijuana use and PTSD
Medication-Assisted Treatment for Alcohol-Dependent Adults With Serious Mental Illness and Criminal Justice Involvement: Effects on Treatment Utilization and Outcomes [2018]
Objective: Adults with serious mental illness and comorbid alcohol dependence are at high risk for both high utilization of crisis-driven health care services and criminal justice involvement. Evidence-based medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for alcohol dependence may reduce both crisis service utilization
Mental Health Nurses’ Attitudes towards Consumers with co-Existing Mental Health and Drug and Alcohol Problems: A Scoping Review [2020]
Consumers with co-existing mental health and drug/alcohol problems are exposed to more stigma than those with any other health problems. This scoping review aimed to systematically map the available literature regarding mental health nurses’ attitudes, empathy, and caring efficacy towards
Multidimensional Family Therapy as a community-based alternative to residential treatment for adolescents with substance use and co-occurring mental health disorders – 2018
Highlights • During the first 2 months of treatment, youth in both treatments showed significant reductions on all outcomes. • During the first 2 months of treatment, MDFT had greater reductions in internalizing symptoms. • At 18 months after baseline, MDFT
Narratives of recovery in people with coexisting mental health and alcohol misuse difficulties – 2018
Purpose Existing literature has examined what recovery means to people with co-occurring difficulties, but does little to examine experiences of recovery as a process. The purpose of this paper is to use a narrative approach to explore the process of
Patterns of Substance Abuse in Offenders With Schizophrenia— Illness-Related or Criminal Life-Style? – 2018
Objective: The impact of substance abuse on violent behavior in patients suffering from schizophrenia is well-known. However, the association between the pattern of substance abuse and certain aspects of criminal behavior like the severity of offense, the previous history of
