A qualitative evaluation of an ACT-based substance misuse treatment programme for service users within a secure mental health setting [2018]
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand service users’ experience of a new acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based substance misuse programme. The programme is designed for people in secure mental health services, presenting with complex mental health difficulties
An on‐site health home for homeless men in addiction recovery [2018]
Patients with comorbid substance abuse, mental health disorders, and chronic health conditions face difficult challenges when attempting to access health care. A large gospel rescue mission developed an onsite wellness center, based on an integrated, embedded practice health home model,
Association between alcohol and substance use disorders and psychiatric service use in patients with severe mental illness: a nationwide Danish register-based cohort study – 2018-02
Substance use disorder is highly prevalent in people with psychiatric disorders, and known to impede the psychiatric treatment. Some studies show increased rates of service use, while others show a decrease. These conflicting results are further hampered by a lack
Associations between pharmacotherapy for opioid dependence and clinical and criminal justice outcomes among adults with co-occurring serious mental illness – 2018
Highlights • Opioid-dependence pharmacotherapy is effective for adults with severe mental illness and opioid dependence. • Opioid-dependence pharmacotherapy substantially reduces this population’s risk for hospitalization. • Naltrexone appears to reduce risk for convicted arrests, including felonies. • Opioid-dependence pharmacotherapy was not
Building a Service Resolution Function in Toronto – Recommendations for Meeting the Needs of People with Complex Mental Health & Justice Challenges – 2015-11-18
We will present findings from our recent research conducted for the T-HSJCC, from which we developed the characteristics of distinctive models of service resolution tailored for the Toronto context, for people with complex mental health and addictions needs involved (or at
Challenges in working with patients with dual diagnosis – 2018
Purpose Studies have shown that mental health professionals find working with patients with dual diagnosis challenging, and the purpose of this paper is to examine some of these challenges. Design/methodology/approach In total, 85 mental health professionals from 8 different mental
Co-Occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders in Canadian Forensic Inpatients: Underdiagnosis and Implications for Treatment Planning – 2018
Research suggests that co-occurring substance use disorder (SUD) is prevalent among adults with psychiatric illness. Studies with forensic patients in Australia indicate that co-occurring disorders (CD) are underdiagnosed. To help determine how widespread CD underdiagnosis is in forensic populations internationally,
Co-occurring serious mental illnesses and substance use disorders as predictors of assaultive infraction charges among adult male jail inmates – 2017-07
This study used self-report data from 4642 adult male jail inmates to test the hypothesis that inmates with co-occurring serious mental illnesses (SMIs) and substance use disorders (SUDs) (i.e. co-occurring disorders) would report having been officially charged for assaulting staff
Concurrent Disorders and Health Care Utilization Among Homeless and Vulnerably Housed Persons in Canada – 2018
Objective: Individuals who are homeless or vulnerably housed have a higher prevalence of concurrent disorders, defined as having a mental health diagnosis and problematic substance use, compared to the general housed population. The study objective was to investigate the effect
Concurrent Disorders and Health Care Utilization Among Homeless and Vulnerably Housed Persons in Canada – 2018
Objective: Individuals who are homeless or vulnerably housed have a higher prevalence of concurrent disorders, defined as having a mental health diagnosis and problematic substance use, compared to the general housed population. The study objective was to investigate the effect
Concurrent substance use disorders and mental illness: Bridging the gap between research and treatment [2017]
People with concurrent disorders (CDs; i.e., mental illness and substance use disorders) are at high risk for a number of adverse outcomes if they do not receive appropriate treatment. Yet despite wide availability of evidence-based guidelines and easy-to-access clinical resources
Demoralization in Patients With Substance Use and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Disorders [2017]
Objective: In recent years, treatment of substance use disorder has rekindled emphasis on recovery which, being a gradual process, starts with remoralization. In this study, we examine the level of demoralization throughout the treatment process for patients with comorbid substance
Elder Mistreatment Perpetrators with Substance Abuse and/or Mental Health Conditions: Results from the National Elder Mistreatment Study – 2017
A large portion of persons who commit elder mistreatment have long been known to have indicators of substance abuse and/or mental health conditions (SAMHC). However, few studies have specifically examined elder mistreatment by persons with SAMHC, preventing the development of
Engaging Integrated Health Teams to Decrease the Risk of Controlled Substance Use for Individuals With Serious Mental Illness [2018]
The United States is facing an opioid epidemic that is virulent in its lethality and includes morbidity and mortality related to prescription opioids. Overuse of another class of drugs— benzodiazepines—has received less media attention, but also poses the threat of
Enhancing prevention and intervention for youth concurrent mental health and substance use disorders: The Research and Action for Teens study [2017]
Background Concurrent mental health and substance use disorders among youth are associated with functional impairment in developmentally salient domains, yet research on prevention and intervention for this vulnerable population is sparse. This paper describes the rationale and design of the
Evaluation of a substance use treatment program for forensic psychiatric inpatients [2018]
There have been few evaluations of substance use interventions for forensic psychiatric patients. In this study, we evaluated a manualized substance use treatment for forensic inpatients by comparing 35 treatment completers (who attended 75% or more of their sessions) and
Evaluation of a substance use treatment program for forensic psychiatric inpatients [2018]
There have been few evaluations of substance use interventions for forensic psychiatric patients. In this study, we evaluated a manualized substance use treatment for forensic inpatients by comparing 35 treatment completers (who attended 75% or more of their sessions) and
Evaluation of Treatment and Other Factors That Lead to Drug Court Success, Substance Use Reduction, and Mental Health Symptomatology Reduction Over Time [2018]
Adults presenting with substance use and mental health disorders in the criminal justice system is well documented. While studies have examined drug courts and medication-assisted treatment (MAT), few have examined social and behavioral health indicators, and even fewer have multiple
Evaluation of Treatment and Other Factors That Lead to Drug Court Success, Substance Use Reduction, and Mental Health Symptomatology Reduction Over Time [2018]
Adults presenting with substance use and mental health disorders in the criminal justice system is well documented. While studies have examined drug courts and medication-assisted treatment (MAT), few have examined social and behavioral health indicators, and even fewer have multiple
Experiences of Professional Helping Relations by Persons with Co-occurring Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders
Recovery in co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders often involves relationships with professional helpers, yet little is known about how these are experienced by service users. The aim of this study was to explore and describe behaviour and attributes
Exploring the Relationship Between Dual Diagnosis and Recidivism in Drug Court Participants – 2017
There is limited research investigating the relationship between dual diagnosis and offender outcomes in drug court settings, specifically regarding recidivism. The current study examined the effects of dual diagnosis on recidivism following participation in one drug court in the Southwestern
Exploring the Relationship Between Dual Diagnosis and Recidivism in Drug Court Participants [2018]
There is limited research investigating the relationship between dual diagnosis and offender outcomes in drug court settings, specifically regarding recidivism. The current study examined the effects of dual diagnosis on recidivism following participation in one drug court in the Southwestern
Feasibility and Satisfaction of an Apartment Living Program for Homeless Adults With Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorder [2018]
Objective: We assessed the feasibility and satisfaction of an apartment living program for formerly homeless adults with mental health and substance use disorders. Method: A one-group pretest-posttest design was used with 22 participants who attended a six-week apartment living program.
Feasibility and Satisfaction of an Apartment Living Program for Homeless Adults With Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorder [2018]
Objective: We assessed the feasibility and satisfaction of an apartment living program for formerly homeless adults with mental health and substance use disorders. Method: A one-group pretest-posttest design was used with 22 participants who attended a six-week apartment living program.
Health Beliefs and Experiences of a Health Promotion Intervention Among Psychiatric Patients With Substance Use: An Interview Study – 2018
We aimed to explore beliefs about physical health from the perspective of patients with concurrent mental illness and substance use and to explore how a health promotion intervention influenced their personal agency for changing health-related behaviour. Our findings were that
History of co-occurring disorders and current mental health status among homeless veterans [2018]
Background Homeless veterans are at high risk for co-occurring disorders (COD), defined as mental illnesses that include at least one alcohol or other drug use disorder and at least one non-drug related mental disorder. However, epidemiological studies examining the prevalence
Housing First Improves Residential Stability in Homeless Adults With Concurrent Substance Dependence and Mental Disorders [2013]
Objectives. We examined the relationship between substance dependence and residential stability in homeless adults with current mental disorders 12 months after randomization to Housing First programs or treatment as usual (no housing or support through the study). Methods. The Vancouver
How the prison-to-community transition risk environment influences the experience of men with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorder [2017]
Previous research has established that people with severe mental illness and co-occurring substance use disorder leaving prison have multiple and complex health, social and economic challenges. How the criminal justice and mental health systems influence the individual prison-to-community transition experience
Initiating and maintaining a recovery process – experiences of persons with dual diagnosis – 2018
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the internal and social factors that persons with experience from severe mental illness and alcohol and other drugs problems, and who have received treatment for these problems, describe as important for
Multidimensional Family Therapy as a community-based alternative to residential treatment for adolescents with substance use and co-occurring mental health disorders – 2018
Highlights • During the first 2 months of treatment, youth in both treatments showed significant reductions on all outcomes. • During the first 2 months of treatment, MDFT had greater reductions in internalizing symptoms. • At 18 months after baseline, MDFT
Narratives of recovery in people with coexisting mental health and alcohol misuse difficulties – 2018
Purpose Existing literature has examined what recovery means to people with co-occurring difficulties, but does little to examine experiences of recovery as a process. The purpose of this paper is to use a narrative approach to explore the process of
Patterns of Substance Abuse in Offenders With Schizophrenia— Illness-Related or Criminal Life-Style? – 2018
Objective: The impact of substance abuse on violent behavior in patients suffering from schizophrenia is well-known. However, the association between the pattern of substance abuse and certain aspects of criminal behavior like the severity of offense, the previous history of
Perceived Self-Control is Related to Mental Distress in Patients Entering Substance Use Disorder Treatment – 2018-01
Background: Levels of mental distress are high in patients with substance use disorders (SUD) and investigation of correlates may broaden our understanding of this comorbidity. Objectives: We investigated self-reported symptoms of mental distress among individuals entering either outpatient opioid maintenance
Permanent Supportive Housing and Specialized Co-Occurring Disorders Wraparound Services for Homeless Individuals [2019]
Objective: Among individuals experiencing chronic homelessness, there is a high rate of co-occurring mental health and substance use, which has traditionally been addressed through the delivery of permanent supportive housing along with substance use and mental health services. However, this
Poverty matters: Cannabis use among people with serious mental illness: Findings from the United States survey on drug use and health, 2015 [2018]
Background: Little is known about the influence of contextual characteristics on comorbid substance use and serious mental illness (SMI). Aims: To explore the role of poverty on comorbid SMI and cannabis use. Methods: We used data from the 2015 National
Prevalence, Diagnosis, and Treatment Rates of Mood Disorders among Opioid Users under Criminal Justice Supervision [2018]
Background: Individuals involved in the criminal justice system have disproportionately high rates of psychiatric disorders when compared to the general U.S. population. If left untreated, the likelihood of subsequent arrest increases and risk for adverse health consequences is great, particularly
Psychiatric and Substance Use Comorbidity in Treatment-Seeking Injection Opioid Users Referred From Syringe Exchange [2018]
Objective: The present study evaluated rates of co-occurring current psychiatric and substance use disorders in a sample of opioid-dependent treatment-seeking injection drug users referred from syringe exchange. Methods: Participants (N = 208) completed the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical
Sharing power in criminal justice: The potential of co‐production for offenders experiencing mental health and addictions in New Zealand – 2-18
Co‐production has begun to make inroads into research, policy, and practice in mental health and addictions. Little is known, however, about the role co‐production has or could have in shaping how the criminal justice system responds to mental health and
Substance Dependence Among Bipolar, Unipolar Depression and Psychotic Homeless: A Canadian National Study [2018]
Introduction: Homeless individuals are often mischaracterized as members of a homogeneous population that suffers from a wide mental health and addiction issues, with little consideration of potentially important differences within or between samples. The aim of the present study was
Substance use and at‐risk mental state for psychosis in 2102 prisoners: the case for early detection and early intervention in prison – 2018
Aim Prisoners exhibit high rates of substance use and mental health problems. In the present study, we sought to gain a detailed understanding of substance use amongst young prisoners to inform early detection and early intervention strategies in a prison
Substance use and other mental health disorders among older prisoners [2019]
The goal of this study is to explore the status quo of mental health and substance use problems among older prisoners. Our review presents the prevalence as well as co-occurrence of substance use and other mental health disorders in older
Substance use disorders in patients with intellectual disability admitted to psychiatric hospitalisation [2018]
Background Few studies have looked at the prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD) in people with intellectual disability (ID). The results range between 1% and 6.4% and go up to 20% in people with ID and psychiatric disorders, probably underestimating
Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts among Women Seeking Treatment for Substance Use and Trauma Symptoms – 2018
Substance use disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder have been associated with suicide. Through secondary analysis of the screening data from the Women and Trauma Study conducted by the National Institute on Drug Abuse Clinical Trials Network, the present study examined
Systematic review of qualitative evaluations of reentry programs addressing problematic drug use and mental health disorders amongst people transitioning from prison to communities – 2018
Background The paper presents a systematic review and metasynthesis of findings from qualitative evaluations of community reentry programs. The programs sought to engage recently released adult prison inmates with either problematic drug use or a mental health disorder. Methods Seven
The association of cannabis use on inpatient psychiatric hospital outcomes – 2017-06-14
Background: The associations between cannabis use and psychosis are well documented in numerous studies. There is a need to evaluate the impact of cannabis use on inpatient psychiatric utilization and outcomes. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of cannabis use on
The Effect of Brief Interventions for Alcohol Among People with Comorbid Mental Health Conditions: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials and Narrative Synthesis [2018]
Aims To review the evidence on the effect of brief interventions (BIs) for alcohol among adults with risky alcohol consumption and comorbid mental health conditions. Methods A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before May 2016 was undertaken
The Effectiveness of a Mental Health Court in Reducing Recidivism in Individuals with Severe Mental Illness and Comorbid Substance Use Disorder [2018]
The current study examined the efficacy of a specialized mental health court in reducing recidivism for severely mentally ill defendants with comorbid substance use disorders. There is a wealth of research supporting the efficacy of mental health courts in reducing
The Fierce Urgency of Now: Improving Outcomes for Justice-Involved People With Serious Mental Illness and Substance Misuse – 2018
People with serious mental illness are more likely to be arrested multiple times for the same crime, spend more time in jail before adjudication, serve longer sentences, and have higher recidivism rates than those without mental illness. Several conceptual foundations,
The Impact of Dual Diagnosis on Drug Court Failure [2018]
There is limited research investigating the relationship between dual diagnosis and drug court outcomes. The current study examines the relationship between dual diagnosis and drug court failure by specific failure type. Utilizing data from a large urban drug court in
The Observed Longitudinal Relationship between Future Orientation and Substance Use Among a Cohort of Youth with Serious Criminal Offenses [2018]
Background: Future orientation (FO), an essential construct in youth development, encompassing goals, expectations for life, and ability to plan for the future. This study uses a multidimensional measure of future orientation to assess the relationship between change in future orientation
