‘Cruel and unusual punishment’: an inter-jurisdictional study of the criminalisation of young people with complex support needs – 2018
Although several criminologists and social scientists have drawn attention to the high rates of mental and cognitive disability amongst populations of young people embroiled in youth justice systems, less attention has been paid to the ways in which young people
‘I’m not getting out of bed!’ The criminalisation of young people in residential care – 2018
Evidence from both Australian and international jurisdictions show that children in residential care are over-represented in the criminal justice system. In the current study, we interviewed 46 professionals who had contact with young people in residential care settings in New
‘I’m not getting out of bed!’ The criminalisation of young people in residential care [2018]
Evidence from both Australian and international jurisdictions show that children in residential care are over-represented in the criminal justice system. In the current study, we interviewed 46 professionals who had contact with young people in residential care settings in New
“They’re just made up different”: Juvenile correctional staff perceptions of incarcerated boys and girls [2018]
Highlights•Juvenile correctional staff characterize incarcerated boys and girls differently. •Boys were described as reticent to open up while girls were seen as eager to talk. •Unlike boys, staff felt girls actively engaged with and sought attention from them. •Girls were
“We all Come Together to Learn About Music”: A Qualitative Analysis of a 5-Year Music Program in a Juvenile Detention Facility [2018]
The purpose of this long-term qualitative study was to uncover evidence that might support components of positive youth development (PYD) in a music composition program at an urban youth detention center. The constructs of PYD come from self-determination theory—competence, autonomy,
“We all Come Together to Learn About Music”: A Qualitative Analysis of a 5-Year Music Program in a Juvenile Detention Facility [2018]
The purpose of this long-term qualitative study was to uncover evidence that might support components of positive youth development (PYD) in a music composition program at an urban youth detention center. The constructs of PYD come from self-determination theory—competence, autonomy,
A Family Experience of Youth Justice – Redesigning Responsive Approaches with New Guides and a New Forensic Model for Youth Justice – 2015-11-17
This panel discussion will frame challenges and provide solutions to issues faced by mental health addictions, and justice sectors in addressing the needs, and enabling the strengths of young people under 18-years-of-age and their families. Through discussion of a family’s experience, and
A Meta-Analytic Review of Mental Health Interventions Targeting Youth with Internalizing Disorders in Juvenile Justice Facilities [2019]
There is general agreement in the research literature that youth in juvenile justice facilities are more likely to experience mental health disorders than their general population peers. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the methodological
A Qualitative Analysis of Family Perspective on Treatment Services for Youths with Problematic Sexual Behavior [2018]
The key to efficacious intervention for youths with problematic sexual behavior (PSB) is direct caregiver involvement. Engaging families in treatment for youths PSB has unique complexities beyond known challenges with behavioral health treatment overall. Qualitative research with youths and caregivers
A retrospective analysis of boarding times for adolescents in psychiatric crisis – 2018
The boarding of children and adolescents with identified psychiatric conditions at medical facilities has numerous negative effects on the patients and the systems that treat them. Efforts to minimize boarding times serves to increase patients’ access to appropriate levels of
A retrospective analysis of boarding times for adolescents in psychiatric crisis – 2018-02
The boarding of children and adolescents with identified psychiatric conditions at medical facilities has numerous negative effects on the patients and the systems that treat them. Efforts to minimize boarding times serves to increase patients’ access to appropriate levels of
A Systematic Review of Psychological Trauma Interventions for Juvenile Offenders [2019]
Purpose: This review discusses the efficacy of trauma-specific interventions among juvenile offenders. Method: The reviewers conducted a comprehensive search of trauma intervention studies completed in the United States in peer-reviewed journals, highlighting their methodological rigor by using the risk of
A Unique Model for Adolescent Addiction Treatment: A Description of the Alberta Adolescent Recovery Centre [2017]
Objectives: Substance use disorders among adolescents are a serious concern in both the United States and Canada. In recent years, strides have been made in our understanding of how to effectively treat these disorders. However, there remains a need to
Acceptance of Online Health Services for Self-Help in the Context of Mental Health: Understanding Young Adults’ Experiences – 2018-02
This article explores the understanding of the acceptance of online health services from a self-help perspective in the context of mental health. By examining the experiences of young adults, this article develops a framework to leverage the current understanding of
Adolescent and Young Adult Male Mental Health: Transforming System Failures Into Proactive Models of Engagement – 2018-03
Adolescent and young adult men do poorly on indicators of mental health evidenced by elevated rates of suicide, conduct disorder, substance use, and interpersonal violence relative to their female peers. Data on global health burden clearly demonstrate that young men
Adolescent construction of mental illness: implication for engagement and treatment [2018]
Aims Understanding how adolescents perceive mental illness is important for clinicians wishing to improve engagement, and for the development of educational programmes and health‐behaviour directed policies. The current research aimed to develop a preliminary model of how adolescents perceive mental
Adolescents in Secure Accommodation in Scotland: Exposure and Impact of Traumatic Events [2018]
The current study sought, for the first time, to assess the nature of trauma exposure and resultant symptoms in adolescents (n = 17) in secure accommodation in Scotland. A case study mixed methods design involved analysis of case files, trauma
Adolescents Who Self-Harm and Commit Violent Crime: Testing Early-Life Predictors of Dual Harm in a Longitudinal Cohort Study [2019]
Objective: Self-harm is associated with violent offending. However, little is known about young people who engage in “dual-harm” behavior. The authors investigated antecedents, clinical features, and life characteristics distinguishing dual-harming adolescents from those who self-harm only. Methods: Participants were from
Adolescents Who Self-Harm and Commit Violent Crime: Testing Early-Life Predictors of Dual Harm in a Longitudinal Cohort Study [2019]
Objective: Self-harm is associated with violent offending. However, little is known about young people who engage in “dual-harm” behavior. The authors investigated antecedents, clinical features, and life characteristics distinguishing dual-harming adolescents from those who self-harm only. Methods: Participants were from
Adolescents’ experiences of distress on an acute mental health inpatient unit: A qualitative study [2019]
Adolescents admitted to acute mental health inpatient units can experience episodes of distress for numerous reasons. Little is known about how they attempt to cope with this distress. This paper explores adolescent experiences of distress in an acute mental health
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Psychological Distress in Juvenile Offenders: The Protective Influence of Resilience and Youth Assets [2018]
Purpose To examine whether internal resiliency and external assets directly protect juvenile offenders exposed to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) from psychological distress and moderate the relationship between ACE exposure and psychological distress. Methods A total of 429 male and female
Adverse childhood experiences in a South Australian sample of young people in detention [2018]
Empirical knowledge about the prevalence and interrelatedness of adverse childhood experiences in young people involved in youth justice systems in Australia is limited. This study examined the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences in a sample of young people who were
Aggressive and stressed? Youth’s aggressive behaviors in light of their internet use, sensation seeking, stress and social feelings [2017]
Highlights• Being a male, neglect, disinhibition, loneliness contributed to physical aggression. • Age, shyness (inversely), neglect, stress, boredom were related to verbal aggression. • Obsessive internet use, disinhibition, stress, loneliness were associated with anger. Abstract Aggressive behavior and its consequences are a serious
Aggressive Behaviors and Suicide Ideation in Inpatient Adolescents: The Moderating Roles of Internalizing Symptoms and Stress [2018]
The present study examined a conceptual model in which the association between aggressive behaviors and suicide ideation is moderated by internalizing symptoms and ongoing stress. Participants were 304 psychiatric inpatient adolescents (65.8% girls) ranging in age from 12 to 17
Aggressive Children With Mental Illness: A Conceptual Model of Family-Level Outcomes [2016]
The purpose of this research was to examine how families adapt and respond to an aggressive child with mental illness. This article presents findings from a qualitative study of four families, which were selected as typifying the experiences of a
Aggressive Incidents in Residential Youth Care – 2018
It is assumed that group climate can have an effect on aggressive behavior in adolescents living in residential facilities, but it is largely unknown whether there are climate differences between the various types of residential institutions, and whether group climate
Aggressive Incidents in Residential Youth Care [2018]
It is assumed that group climate can have an effect on aggressive behavior in adolescents living in residential facilities, but it is largely unknown whether there are climate differences between the various types of residential institutions, and whether group climate
Aggressive Male Juvenile Offenders with Callous-Unemotional Traits Show Aberrant Attentional Orienting to Distress Cues – 2018
Antisocial youth with callous-unemotional (CU) traits exhibit a pattern of severe and persistent conduct problems and deficits in emotional processing that parallels adults with psychopathy. Aberrant emotional attention, particularly among individuals high on aggression, constitutes one such deficit; however, its
Aging out or continuing on? Exploring strategies to prepare marginalized youth for a transition to recovery in adulthood [2018]
Objective: This study aimed to improve our understanding of how to best assist marginalized youth during their transition to adulthood, and how to provide them services that help them achieve independence within existing public systems of care. Method: Using purposive
An Emotion Regulation Treatment for Young People With Complex Substance Use and Mental Health Issues: A Case-Series Analysis [2018]
Highlights • Young people seeking treatment for AoD issues present with complex patterns of mental health and substance use comorbidity. • Treatments which target emotion regulation have the potential to address the complex needs of this cohort. • An emotion regulation intervention was
An Evolutionary Model to Conceptualize Psychopathic Traits Across Community and Forensic Male Youth [2019]
Psychopathy has been historically associated with a lack of emotion. However, some authors argue that psychopathy may represent a tendency to externalize the experience of unpleasant emotions, including shame, what could be seen as an adaptive strategy within an evolutionary
An Examination of Parental and Peer Influence on Substance Use and Criminal Offending During the Transition From Adolescence to Adulthood – 2018
Although peer behavior and parent–child conflict have been associated with adolescent and young adults’ behavior, prior studies have not adequately controlled for selection effects and other confounders, or examined whether associations change across the transition to adulthood or by race.
An Examination of Parental and Peer Influence on Substance Use and Criminal Offending During the Transition From Adolescence to Adulthood [2018]
Although peer behavior and parent–child conflict have been associated with adolescent and young adults’ behavior, prior studies have not adequately controlled for selection effects and other confounders, or examined whether associations change across the transition to adulthood or by race.
An Examination of the Criminological Consequences and Correlates of Remorselessness During Adolescence – 2018
Warr recently proposed that remorselessness may offer a useful explanation for understanding persistence and desistance from criminal offending. While early empirical evidence supports this framework, not only is replication needed but there is also a need to consider potential determinants
An examination of the interaction between morality and self‐control in offending: A study of differences between girls and boys – 2018
Background There is a well‐documented gender difference in offending, with evidence that boys, on average, are more involved in crime than girls. Opinions differ, however, on whether the causes of crime apply to girls and boys similarly. Aims Our aim
An examination of youth protective factors and caregiver parenting skills at entry into the child welfare system and their association with justice system involvement [2019]
This study sought to distinguish youth in the child welfare system who became involved with the justice system from youth who did not become involved with the justice system based on the youth’s protective factors and their caregivers’ parenting skills.
Applying Restrictive Measures in the Care of Adolescents With Mild Intellectual Disabilities: Attitudes of Support Staff and Policy Implications – 2018
Research suggests that restrictive measures are widely used on adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities. In the Netherlands, restrictive measures are defined as all measures that limit the freedom of a person. In most countries, legislation and policies that seek to
Applying the Criminal Narrative Experience Framework to Young Offenders [2018]
The present study applied the Criminal Narrative Experience for the first time with young offenders (N = 23). The analysis was based on young people serving a community sentence and attending a Youth Offending Team. Participants completed questionnaires relating to
Applying the Criminal Narrative Experience Framework to Young Offenders [2018]
The present study applied the Criminal Narrative Experience for the first time with young offenders (N = 23). The analysis was based on young people serving a community sentence and attending a Youth Offending Team. Participants completed questionnaires relating to
Are police cautions a soft option? Reoffending among juveniles cautioned or referred to court [2018]
During the 1990s, many jurisdictions introduced police cautions as an alternative to referral to court for juveniles committing comparatively minor offences. The policy was motivated by a concern that contact with the court system for such offenders might be criminogenic.
Are there sex differences in the etiology of youth antisocial behavior? – 2018
Sex differences in the etiology of youth antisocial behavior are an intuitively appealing hypothesis given the consistently higher prevalence of antisocial behavior in boys versus girls. Although a few early studies supported this possibility, reporting stronger genetic influences in females
Arts-based interventions for youth with mental health challenges [2019]
Summary: We facilitated an arts-based mindfulness group program with youths who were receiving short-term in-patient mental health supports within hospital. We aimed to explore the challenges and benefits these marginalized youths experienced through their exposure to the group intervention. Forty
Assessing Intervention Needs of Juvenile Probationers: An Application of Latent Profile Analysis to a Risk–Need–Responsivity Assessment Model [2018]
The assessment of criminogenic risk is critical in the prediction of future delinquency and the ability to provide appropriate services and interventions for youth offenders. The goal of this study was to determine whether using latent profile analysis (LPA) produced
Assessing Intervention Needs of Juvenile Probationers: An Application of Latent Profile Analysis to a Risk–Need–Responsivity Assessment Model [2018]
The assessment of criminogenic risk is critical in the prediction of future delinquency and the ability to provide appropriate services and interventions for youth offenders. The goal of this study was to determine whether using latent profile analysis (LPA) produced
Assessing Protective Factors for Adolescent Offending: A Conceptually Informed Examination of the SAVRY and YLS/CMI [2018]
Although the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY) and the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) are among the most widely used adolescent risk assessment tools, they conceptualize and measure strengths differently. As such, in this study,
Assessing service and treatment needs and barriers of youth who use illicit and non-medical prescription drugs in Northern Ontario, Canada [2019]
Background Illicit drug use rates are high among Canadian youth, and are particularly pronounced in Northern Ontario. The availability and accessibility of effective substance use-related treatments and services are required to address this problem, especially among rural and remote Northern
Assessing the impacts and outcomes of youth driven mental health promotion: A mixed-methods assessment of the Social Networking Action for Resilience study [2018]
Mental health challenges are the leading health issue facing youth globally. To better respond to this health challenge, experts advocate for a population health approach inclusive of mental health promotion; yet this area remains underdeveloped. Further, while there is growing
Assessment of In-Person and Cyber Aggression and Victimization, Substance Use, and Delinquent Behavior During Early Adolescence [2018]
This study evaluated the Problem Behavior Frequency Scale–Adolescent Report (PBFS-AR), a measure designed to assess adolescents’ frequency of victimization, aggression, substance use, and delinquent behavior. Participants were 1,263 students (50% female; 78% African American, 18% Latino) from three urban middle
Assessments often miss mental health issues for youth on probation – 2018
An assessment tool used by many jurisdictions within the juvenile justice system that is intended to help recognize the effects of adversity and trauma in children’s lives is not the best means of evaluating mental health problems faced by at-risk
Association Between Employment and Mental Health Service Use Among Justice-Involved Individuals [2018]
Using a nationally representative sample of justice-involved persons (N = 1525), the present study examined the extent to which employment status was associated with mental health service use by various service providers. The findings indicate that the rate of mental health service