Community Based Treatment Program for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities who Engage in Sexually Abusive or Concerning Behaviours – 2019-11-05
The Centre for Behaviour Health Sciences (CBHS), Program for the Assessment and Treatment for Healthy Sexuality (P.A.T.H.S.) has been supporting persons with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) who engage in sexually concerning or abusive behaviours throughout York and Simcoe Regions for over
Developmental Disabilities Awareness in the Justice System Project – 2015-11-16
In its Knowledge Gap Analysis of Individuals with a Developmental Disability and Interactions with the Law, the Inter-ministerial Mental Health & Justice Committee identified a need to build capacity and share knowledge within the justice sector about people with developmental disabilities. This presentation
Developmental Disabilities in the Justice System
The Community Networks of Specialized Care are pleased to have been selected to lead a provincial initiative to raise awareness of developmental disabilities in the criminal justice system. The initiative is in response to a knowledge gap identified by the
Developmental Disabilities in the Justice System
Developmental Disability Awareness in the Criminal Justice System is a project funded by the Ministry of Community and Social Services. The purpose is to address the knowledge and skills gaps that have been identified by service recipients and service providers
Effectiveness of medication reviews in identifying and reducing medication‐related problems among people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review [2019]
Background Polypharmacy is common in people with intellectual disabilities. Using multiple medication may lead to unintended medication‐related problems (MRPs). Medication review may serve as a tool to reduce MRPs. This systematic review assessed the scientific evidence for the effectiveness of
Effects of mindfulness, coping styles and resilience on job retention and burnout in caregivers supporting aggressive adults with developmental disabilities [2019]
Background Considering the growing body of studies investigating the effects of mindfulness‐based interventions on caregivers supporting people with developmental disabilities, the current study aimed to explore the role that the cognitive processes of mindfulness, coping style and resilience played in
Enhancing social inclusion of young adults with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review of original empirical studies [2019]
BackgroundSocial inclusion is regarded as an important determinant of health, particularly for young adults with intellectual disabilities. However, only a limited number of reviews report on the findings of original empirical studies on social inclusion of young adults with intellectual
Examining the utility of the Stages of Change model for working with offenders with learning disabilities [2018]
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the Stages of Change (SOC) model can be applied to working with offenders with learning disabilities (LD), and furthermore, to determine if it might be efficacious for this approach to
Experiences of parents who support a family member with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour: “This is what I deal with every single day” [2018]
Background: Research into parents’ experiences of living with a family member with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour does not specifically address what parents say about themselves and their lives. This paper explores “I-statements” parents made about their day-to-day actions in
Experiences of people with intellectual disabilities encountering law enforcement officials as the suspects of crime – A narrative systematic review [2020]
It is well established internationally that there is a high prevalence of intellectual disability (ID) among people in police custody. Some people with ID may face particular challenges in negotiating the forensic formalities adopted by police at the pre-trial stage
Exploring Differences in Criminogenic Risk Factors and Criminal Behavior Between Young Adult Violent Offenders With and Without Mild to Borderline Intellectual Disability – 2016
The relation between mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID) and violent offense behavior was studied among a group of former juvenile delinquents currently in a diversion program for persistent young adult violent offenders from Amsterdam (N = 146). Offenders were
Exploring how the diagnostic process stratifies children with intellectual disability navigating the service system in Ontario, Canada [2020]
Children with intellectual disability experience a higher prevalence of dental disease, obesity, challenging behaviours, and mental health disorders compared to children without intellectual disability. Children with intellectual disability concurrently face health and social service navigational barriers that are associated with
Finding the Right Assessment Measures for Young People with Intellectual Disabilities Who Display Harmful Sexual Behaviour [2016]
Background Previous studies and national reports have all noted that a significant proportion of the young people who display harmful sexual behaviours have intellectual disabilities. However, research on the topic has been scarce. This study presents a systematic review of
Having a son or daughter with an intellectual disability transition to adulthood: A parental perspective [2020]
Accessible Summary Becoming an adult can be a difficult time. We wanted to find out what it is like for parents who have a son or daughter with an intellectual disability. Ten parents were interviewed. They were asked questions about
Innovative Treatment Program Addressing the Needs of Under Served, Very Diverse Populations (Personality Disorders and IDD-ASD) – 2019-11-05
Individuals with dual diagnoses of mental health and intellectual disability and/or an autism spectrum disorder are denied access to Ontario Ministry of Health and Ontario Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services funded community rehabilitation supports. Individuals who have a
Intellectual Disability and Homelessness: a Synthesis of the Literature and Discussion of How Supportive Housing Can Support Wellness for People with Intellectual Disability [2018]
Recent Findings Although rates of intellectual disabilities (ID) may be elevated in homeless populations, there is little research on homeless adults with ID whose cognitive and adaptive functioning deficits may affect how they respond to usual supports. Purpose of Review
Intellectual disability in Irish prisoners; systematic review of prevalence [2018]
Purpose While individuals with an intellectual disability form a significant minority in the worldwide prison population, their healthcare needs require specialist attention. In Ireland, services for prisoners with intellectual disabilities need development. However, there is little substantive data estimating prevalence
Interventions for inappropriate sexual behavior in individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A brief review [2020]
Although prevalence rates vary, 6% to 28% of individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDDs) engage in inappropriate sexual behavior (ISB), ranging from public masturbation to sexually aggressive behavior. Along with increased risk for contacting the criminal justice system, people
Is the amount of exposure to aggressive challenging behaviour related to staff work-related well-being in intellectual disability services? Evidence from a clustered research design [2018]
Highlights• There was little relationship between exposure to aggressive CB and staff well-being. • Clustering was evident for emotional exhaustion and positive work motivation. • Comparisons between staff who work in settings with and without aggressive CB are needed. Abstract Background Previous research
Living with support: Experiences of people with mild intellectual disability [2018]
Background To enhance social inclusion of people with intellectual disability, policy is aimed at increasing informal support networks. Nevertheless, staff continue to play a vital role in their support networks. Method Six individuals with mild intellectual disability, living in community‐based
Mobile Integrated Team – Creating Capacity through Mobile Response – 2019-11-05
The Mobile Integrated Team (MIT) is a joint pilot project between Lutheran Community Care Centre, Community Living Thunder Bay and Options Northwest. They provide a flexible and responsive model of support to adults with developmental disabilities and other multi-sector, complex
Opening the Doors of Justice – An Attempt to Make True Justice Accessible to People with an Intellectual Disability Who Have Been the Victims of a Crime – 2015-11-17
Mark Pathak pioneered a model of work to enable people with intellectual disabilities engage with the criminal justice system as complainants. The framework provides specialist support to help witnesses prepare for the courtroom experience while helping the court understand in advance the
Outcomes of an inner city forensic intellectual disability service – 2018
Purpose National policy in England is now directed towards keeping patients with intellectual disability (ID) presenting with forensic problems for time limited treatment. The result is that secure hospital services are expected to work much more proactively to discharge patients
Patterns of mortality among adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Ontario [2018]
Objectives To determine recent mortality rates among Ontarian adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) and investigate changes over time in contrast to the general population. To determine the most commonly reported underlying causes of death and explore related coding
Perceptions of sex offenders with intellectual disability: A comparison of forensic staff and the general public [2018]
Background Existing literature suggests that individuals with intellectual disability are not always held accountable for their actions and forensic staff are unlikely to report their sexually harmful behaviour. Method This research explores how categorization of an offender as having intellectual
Persistence of self‐injury, aggression and property destruction in children and adults with tuberous sclerosis complex [2018]
Background Individuals with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) are at increased risk of developing self‐injurious behaviour. The persistence of this deleterious behaviour over years is reported in aetiologically heterogeneous samples to be between 60% and 80% but is unknown for TSC.
Personal characteristics and outcomes of individuals with developmental disabilities who need support for self‐injurious behaviour [2018]
Background For people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, self‐injurious behaviour (SIB) can have serious negative effects on both health and quality of life. This descriptive analysis will provide information on the characteristics and outcomes of a subsample of individuals who
Perspectives of adults with intellectual disabilities and key individuals on community participation in inclusive settings: A Canadian exploratory study [2020]
Background: This article aims to present the results of a study on the facilitators and obstacles to community participation in inclusive settings for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Québec City (Canada), as perceived by adults with ID and key
Predicting Institutional Aggression in Offenders with Intellectual Disabilities Using the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide – 2016
Background One of the most extensively tested risk assessment instruments in offenders with an intellectual disability (OIDs) is the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG). The purpose of this prospective study was to test the ability of this instrument to predict
Primary care of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: 2018 Canadian consensus guidelines [2018]
Objective To update the 2011 Canadian guidelines for primary care of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Methods Family physicians and other health professionals experienced in the care of people with IDD reviewed and synthesized recent empirical, ecosystem, expert,
Psychosocial interventions for people with intellectual disabilities and dementia: A systematic review [2020]
BackgroundPeople with intellectual disability experience a higher prevalence of dementia, at an earlier age, than the general population. The aim of this review was to establish the psychological interventions and outcomes for individuals with intellectual disability and dementia. MethodsA search
Public attitudes to the rights and community inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities: A transnational study [2020]
Highlights• The general public in 17 countries mostly endorse the rights of people with ID. • Comfort at meeting people with ID predicted support for rights and acceptance. • Country status on equality and development indices affected personal attitudes. •
Reduction or discontinuation of antipsychotics for challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability: a systematic review [2016]
The use of antipsychotics to manage challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability is widespread but controversial, and evidence is scarce. There is a perception that antipsychotics used in this context can be reduced or discontinued, and this has been
Resilience in the face of adversity in adults with an intellectual disability: A literature review [2020]
BackgroundPersons with an intellectual disability are at a higher risk of experiencing adversities. The concept of resilience offers promising insights into facilitating personal growth after adversity. The current study aims at providing an overview of the current research on resilience
Restraints in daily care for people with moderate intellectual disabilities – 2016
Background: Self-determination is an important factor in improving the quality of life of people with moderate intellectual disabilities. A focus on self-determination implies that restraints on the freedom of people with intellectual disabilities should be decreased. In addition, according to
Risk factors and topographies for self‐injurious behaviour in a sample of adults with intellectual developmental disorders [2018]
Background Self‐injurious behaviour (SIB) is a prevalent form of challenging behaviour in people with intellectual developmental disorders (IDD). Existing research has yielded conflicting findings concerning the major risk factors involved, and in addition, SIB shows multiple topographies and presentations. Although
Risk factors for challenging behaviour and psychopathology in adults with Down syndrome [2018]
Background This study explored the role of demographic, psychosocial, stress and life event‐related risk factors for psychopathology and challenging behaviour in a clinical sample of adults with Down syndrome. Method A convenience sample of adults with Down syndrome seen through
Sexually Abusive Youth with Low Intellectual Functioning: Contemporary Risk Assessment Findings from MEGA ♪ Studies [2019]
Presented are the largest studies in the field of risk assessment of sexually abusive youths, of youth with low intellectual functioning of borderline or below average (n = 746 and n = 522). Youth were part of two major validation
Social climate and aggression in IDD services [2019]
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to adapt a social climate measure for use within a forensic intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) service and examine perceptions of social climate and the links with patient aggression across three levels of
Social cognition in intellectually disabled male criminal offenders: A deficit in affect perception? – 2018
Purpose Although intellectual disability (ID) and criminal offending have long been associated, the nature of this link is obfuscated by reliance on historically unrigorous means of assessing ID and fractionating social cognitive skills. This paper reviews and reports current findings
Social information processing skills link executive functions to aggression in adolescents with mild to borderline intellectual disability [2018]
Executive Functions (EFs) have been associated with aggression in children and adolescents. EFs as higher-order cognitive abilities are assumed to affect cognitive functions such as Social Information Processing (SIP). We explored SIP skills as a mediating mechanism linking EFs to
Stigma experienced by family members of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities: multidimensional construct [2018]
Background There is a lack of good-quality instruments measuring stigma experienced by family members of stigmatised people. Aims To develop a self-report measure of stigma among families of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and examine associations between family stigma
Stigma, Acceptance and Belonging for People with IDD Across Cultures [2020]
Purpose of ReviewThis review explores recent literature (from 2017 onwards) to identify current developments related to reducing stigma and increasing acceptance for people with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) in their communities across diverse cultures. Recent FindingsWe identified literature related
Study finds adults with developmental disabilities at risk for dying prematurely at a rate nearly four times higher than those without developmental disabilities [2019-02-21]
Adults with developmental disabilities in Ontario are nearly four times more likely to die before the age of 75 compared to adults without developmental disabilities, according to a new report by researchers at ICES, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Substance use disorders in patients with intellectual disability admitted to psychiatric hospitalisation [2018]
Background Few studies have looked at the prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD) in people with intellectual disability (ID). The results range between 1% and 6.4% and go up to 20% in people with ID and psychiatric disorders, probably underestimating
Supporting Individuals with Developmental Disabilities through a Justice Clinical Lens – 2019-11-04
In response to the 2016 Ombudsman of Ontario Report, the Community Networks of Specialized Care set out to create a refreshed mandate with the goal of providing individuals with high support and complex care needs access to effective and timely
The Complexities of Criminal Responsibility and Persons With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: How Can Therapeutic Jurisprudence Help? [2020]
This article examines issues regarding legal capacity and criminal responsibility relating to persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). We examined the case of a 28-year-old male identified as having the mental age of an 8-year-old, accused of four counts
The experience of law enforcement officers interfacing with suspects who have an intellectual disability – A systematic review [2020]
There is a high prevalence of people with intellectual disability (ID) among those in police custody. Consequently, law enforcement officers (LEOs) at the frontline of the criminal justice system are commonly required to interact with people who have ID. Notwithstanding
The NICE guidelines and quality standards on learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges [2017]
Purpose In 2014, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) announced it was going to develop its first set of guidelines on learning disabilities. The topic was “behaviour that challenges” and in May 2015 NICE published a full set
The North Community Network of Specialized Care Skills Systems Group – An Adaptation Of DBT for People with Developmental Disabilities Delivered by Videoconference
The NCNSC Skills System Group provides this adaptation of DBT via videoconference to people across northern Ontario who have developmental disabilities *DD (and problems with emotion regulation). It is proving to be effective in helping people with DD reduce challenging behaviour while
