Building and Connecting: Family Strategies for Developing Social Support Networks for Adults With Down Syndrome [2019]
Being embedded in social networks is crucial for well-being and health. While this is particularly the case for people with Down syndrome (DS), our knowledge of how their support networks are developed is limited. This article investigates the role of
Building Bridges to Housing for homeless adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: outcomes of a cross‐sector intervention [2020]
BackgroundAdults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have high rates of homelessness. This observational study evaluates Bridges to Housing, a cross‐sector intervention offering immediate access to housing and supports to this population in Toronto, Canada. MethodsTwenty‐six participants, enrolled between April
Case study illustrations of a psychological treatment pathway in a secure intellectual disability service [2018]
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe in detail the treatment pathway utilised in a male medium and low secure intellectual disability (ID) service. Over the preceding five years, service users have followed the outlined treatment pathway. The
Chemical restraint of adults with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour in Queensland, Australia: Views of statutory decision makers [2018]
Background: Psychotropic medication is widely prescribed to treat mental illness. However, it is controversial when used as a chemical restraint (CR) to manage challenging behaviours (CBs) of adults with intellectual disability (ID). CR has potentially negative consequences and affects human
Communication skills training for healthcare students working with people with intellectual disabilities [2019]
Effective communication skills are essential for all healthcare professionals. Specialist teaching on communicating with people with intellectual disabilities is often lacking, resulting in poorer healthcare and worse outcomes than in the general population. Working with professionally trained actors with intellectual
Community Based Treatment Program for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities who Engage in Sexually Abusive or Concerning Behaviours – 2019-11-05
The Centre for Behaviour Health Sciences (CBHS), Program for the Assessment and Treatment for Healthy Sexuality (P.A.T.H.S.) has been supporting persons with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) who engage in sexually concerning or abusive behaviours throughout York and Simcoe Regions for over
Consensus statement of the International Summit on Intellectual Disability and Dementia on valuing the perspectives of persons with intellectual disability – 2018-01-17
The International Summit on Intellectual Disability and Dementia covered a range of issues related to dementia and intellectual disability, including the dearth of personal reflections of persons with intellectual disability affected by dementia. This article reflects on this deficiency and
Correlates of burnout among professionals working with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities [2018]
Background Although burnout has been recognised as an important stress‐related problem among staff working with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), literature on the subject is limited yet emerging. The aim of this study is twofold: (1) to evaluate
Developmental Disabilities Awareness in the Justice System Project – 2015-11-16
In its Knowledge Gap Analysis of Individuals with a Developmental Disability and Interactions with the Law, the Inter-ministerial Mental Health & Justice Committee identified a need to build capacity and share knowledge within the justice sector about people with developmental disabilities. This presentation
Developmental Disabilities in the Justice System
The Community Networks of Specialized Care are pleased to have been selected to lead a provincial initiative to raise awareness of developmental disabilities in the criminal justice system. The initiative is in response to a knowledge gap identified by the
Developmental Disabilities in the Justice System
Developmental Disability Awareness in the Criminal Justice System is a project funded by the Ministry of Community and Social Services. The purpose is to address the knowledge and skills gaps that have been identified by service recipients and service providers
Developmental language disorders and risk of recidivism among young offenders [2020]
BackgroundAlthough factors such as adverse family background have been widely examined, little is known about the prevalence or potential impact of developmental language disorder (DLD) on risk of recidivism in young people with history of criminal justice system contact. MethodsA
Effectiveness of medication reviews in identifying and reducing medication‐related problems among people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review [2019]
Background Polypharmacy is common in people with intellectual disabilities. Using multiple medication may lead to unintended medication‐related problems (MRPs). Medication review may serve as a tool to reduce MRPs. This systematic review assessed the scientific evidence for the effectiveness of
Effects of mindfulness, coping styles and resilience on job retention and burnout in caregivers supporting aggressive adults with developmental disabilities [2019]
Background Considering the growing body of studies investigating the effects of mindfulness‐based interventions on caregivers supporting people with developmental disabilities, the current study aimed to explore the role that the cognitive processes of mindfulness, coping style and resilience played in
Enhancing social inclusion of young adults with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review of original empirical studies [2019]
BackgroundSocial inclusion is regarded as an important determinant of health, particularly for young adults with intellectual disabilities. However, only a limited number of reviews report on the findings of original empirical studies on social inclusion of young adults with intellectual
Examining the utility of the Stages of Change model for working with offenders with learning disabilities [2018]
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the Stages of Change (SOC) model can be applied to working with offenders with learning disabilities (LD), and furthermore, to determine if it might be efficacious for this approach to
Experiences of parents who support a family member with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour: “This is what I deal with every single day” [2018]
Background: Research into parents’ experiences of living with a family member with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour does not specifically address what parents say about themselves and their lives. This paper explores “I-statements” parents made about their day-to-day actions in
Experiences of people with intellectual disabilities encountering law enforcement officials as the suspects of crime – A narrative systematic review [2020]
It is well established internationally that there is a high prevalence of intellectual disability (ID) among people in police custody. Some people with ID may face particular challenges in negotiating the forensic formalities adopted by police at the pre-trial stage
Exploring Differences in Criminogenic Risk Factors and Criminal Behavior Between Young Adult Violent Offenders With and Without Mild to Borderline Intellectual Disability – 2016
The relation between mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID) and violent offense behavior was studied among a group of former juvenile delinquents currently in a diversion program for persistent young adult violent offenders from Amsterdam (N = 146). Offenders were
Exploring how the diagnostic process stratifies children with intellectual disability navigating the service system in Ontario, Canada [2020]
Children with intellectual disability experience a higher prevalence of dental disease, obesity, challenging behaviours, and mental health disorders compared to children without intellectual disability. Children with intellectual disability concurrently face health and social service navigational barriers that are associated with
Finding the Right Assessment Measures for Young People with Intellectual Disabilities Who Display Harmful Sexual Behaviour [2016]
Background Previous studies and national reports have all noted that a significant proportion of the young people who display harmful sexual behaviours have intellectual disabilities. However, research on the topic has been scarce. This study presents a systematic review of
Having a son or daughter with an intellectual disability transition to adulthood: A parental perspective [2020]
Accessible Summary Becoming an adult can be a difficult time. We wanted to find out what it is like for parents who have a son or daughter with an intellectual disability. Ten parents were interviewed. They were asked questions about
Innovative Treatment Program Addressing the Needs of Under Served, Very Diverse Populations (Personality Disorders and IDD-ASD) – 2019-11-05
Individuals with dual diagnoses of mental health and intellectual disability and/or an autism spectrum disorder are denied access to Ontario Ministry of Health and Ontario Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services funded community rehabilitation supports. Individuals who have a
Intellectual Disability and Homelessness: a Synthesis of the Literature and Discussion of How Supportive Housing Can Support Wellness for People with Intellectual Disability [2018]
Recent Findings Although rates of intellectual disabilities (ID) may be elevated in homeless populations, there is little research on homeless adults with ID whose cognitive and adaptive functioning deficits may affect how they respond to usual supports. Purpose of Review
Intellectual disability in Irish prisoners; systematic review of prevalence [2018]
Purpose While individuals with an intellectual disability form a significant minority in the worldwide prison population, their healthcare needs require specialist attention. In Ireland, services for prisoners with intellectual disabilities need development. However, there is little substantive data estimating prevalence
Interventions for inappropriate sexual behavior in individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A brief review [2020]
Although prevalence rates vary, 6% to 28% of individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDDs) engage in inappropriate sexual behavior (ISB), ranging from public masturbation to sexually aggressive behavior. Along with increased risk for contacting the criminal justice system, people
Is the amount of exposure to aggressive challenging behaviour related to staff work-related well-being in intellectual disability services? Evidence from a clustered research design [2018]
Highlights• There was little relationship between exposure to aggressive CB and staff well-being. • Clustering was evident for emotional exhaustion and positive work motivation. • Comparisons between staff who work in settings with and without aggressive CB are needed. Abstract Background Previous research
Living with support: Experiences of people with mild intellectual disability [2018]
Background To enhance social inclusion of people with intellectual disability, policy is aimed at increasing informal support networks. Nevertheless, staff continue to play a vital role in their support networks. Method Six individuals with mild intellectual disability, living in community‐based
Living with support: Experiences of people with mild intellectual disability [2018]
Background To enhance social inclusion of people with intellectual disability, policy is aimed at increasing informal support networks. Nevertheless, staff continue to play a vital role in their support networks. Method Six individuals with mild intellectual disability, living in community‐based
Long-stay patients with and without intellectual disability in forensic psychiatric settings: comparison of characteristics and needs [2018]
Background In recent years, concerns have been raised that too many patients stay for too long in forensic psychiatric services and that this is a particular problem in those with an intellectual disability. Aims To compare the characteristics, needs, and
Mental health services for people with intellectual disability in the United Kingdom [2018]
Purpose Services for people with intellectual disabilities in the UK have evolved over the years from hospital-based care to more community provision. There are multiple reasons for these changes, however, often it was due to changes in social policy or
Mobile Integrated Team – Creating Capacity through Mobile Response – 2019-11-05
The Mobile Integrated Team (MIT) is a joint pilot project between Lutheran Community Care Centre, Community Living Thunder Bay and Options Northwest. They provide a flexible and responsive model of support to adults with developmental disabilities and other multi-sector, complex
Narrating personal experience of living with learning disabilities and mental health issues in institutional and community settings: A case study [2020]
Accessible summaryThis is a case study about a man with learning disabilities who has mental health issues.The case study describes the way that he told a researcher about his life.Thirty years of his earlier life were spent in a long‐stay
Non‐pharmacological interventions for challenging behaviours of adults with intellectual disabilities: A meta‐analysis [2020]
BackgroundNon‐pharmacological interventions are recommended for the treatment of challenging behaviours in individuals with intellectual disabilities by clinical guidelines. However, evidence for their effectiveness is ambiguous. The aim of the current meta‐analysis is to update the existing evidence, to investigate long‐term
Opening the Doors of Justice – An Attempt to Make True Justice Accessible to People with an Intellectual Disability Who Have Been the Victims of a Crime – 2015-11-17
Mark Pathak pioneered a model of work to enable people with intellectual disabilities engage with the criminal justice system as complainants. The framework provides specialist support to help witnesses prepare for the courtroom experience while helping the court understand in advance the
Outcomes and costs of skilled support for people with severe or profound intellectual disability and complex needs [2020]
BackgroundWith increasing reductions in funding for social care across many countries, the need to ensure that resources are used to best effect is becoming increasingly important, in particular for those with severe and complex needs. MethodsIn order to explore the
Outcomes of an inner city forensic intellectual disability service – 2018
Purpose National policy in England is now directed towards keeping patients with intellectual disability (ID) presenting with forensic problems for time limited treatment. The result is that secure hospital services are expected to work much more proactively to discharge patients
Patterns of mortality among adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Ontario [2018]
Objectives To determine recent mortality rates among Ontarian adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) and investigate changes over time in contrast to the general population. To determine the most commonly reported underlying causes of death and explore related coding
Perceptions of sex offenders with intellectual disability: A comparison of forensic staff and the general public [2018]
Background Existing literature suggests that individuals with intellectual disability are not always held accountable for their actions and forensic staff are unlikely to report their sexually harmful behaviour. Method This research explores how categorization of an offender as having intellectual
Persistence of self‐injury, aggression and property destruction in children and adults with tuberous sclerosis complex [2018]
Background Individuals with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) are at increased risk of developing self‐injurious behaviour. The persistence of this deleterious behaviour over years is reported in aetiologically heterogeneous samples to be between 60% and 80% but is unknown for TSC.
Personal characteristics and outcomes of individuals with developmental disabilities who need support for self‐injurious behaviour [2018]
Background For people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, self‐injurious behaviour (SIB) can have serious negative effects on both health and quality of life. This descriptive analysis will provide information on the characteristics and outcomes of a subsample of individuals who
Personal characteristics and outcomes of individuals with developmental disabilities who need support for self‐injurious behaviour [2018]
Background For people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, self‐injurious behaviour (SIB) can have serious negative effects on both health and quality of life. This descriptive analysis will provide information on the characteristics and outcomes of a subsample of individuals who
Perspectives of adults with intellectual disabilities and key individuals on community participation in inclusive settings: A Canadian exploratory study [2020]
Background: This article aims to present the results of a study on the facilitators and obstacles to community participation in inclusive settings for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Québec City (Canada), as perceived by adults with ID and key
Positive Behavioural Support as an alternative to medication [2019]
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) can be used as an alternative to psychotropic medication to improve the quality of life of an individual with a learning disability and behaviour described as
Predicting Institutional Aggression in Offenders with Intellectual Disabilities Using the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide – 2016
Background One of the most extensively tested risk assessment instruments in offenders with an intellectual disability (OIDs) is the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG). The purpose of this prospective study was to test the ability of this instrument to predict
Primary care of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: 2018 Canadian consensus guidelines [2018]
Objective To update the 2011 Canadian guidelines for primary care of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Methods Family physicians and other health professionals experienced in the care of people with IDD reviewed and synthesized recent empirical, ecosystem, expert,
Problem behaviours and psychotropic medication use in intellectual disability: a multinational cross-sectional survey
Background Problem behaviours (PBs) are a common cause for clinician contact in people with disorders of intellectual development and may be a common cause for the prescription of psychotropic medication. We aimed to use a large, multinational sample to define
Psychosocial interventions for people with intellectual disabilities and dementia: A systematic review [2020]
BackgroundPeople with intellectual disability experience a higher prevalence of dementia, at an earlier age, than the general population. The aim of this review was to establish the psychological interventions and outcomes for individuals with intellectual disability and dementia. MethodsA search
Public attitudes to the rights and community inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities: A transnational study [2020]
Highlights• The general public in 17 countries mostly endorse the rights of people with ID. • Comfort at meeting people with ID predicted support for rights and acceptance. • Country status on equality and development indices affected personal attitudes. •
Reduction or discontinuation of antipsychotics for challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability: a systematic review [2016]
The use of antipsychotics to manage challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability is widespread but controversial, and evidence is scarce. There is a perception that antipsychotics used in this context can be reduced or discontinued, and this has been
